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technical management plan

Толкование Перевод

1 technical management plan

Химическое оружие: план технического руководства

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > technical management plan
2 technical management plan

план технического управления

English-Russian glossary on space technology > technical management plan
3 management technical applications plan

MTAP, management technical applications plan

план использования технических средств (административного) управления

English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > management technical applications plan
4 management technical applications plan

Военный термин: план использования технических средств управления

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > management technical applications plan
5 technical configuration management plan

Химическое оружие: план руководства внесением технических изменений

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > technical configuration management plan
6 plan

1. план; проект; схема; чертёж; диаграмма || составлять план, чертить схему или диаграмму; проектировать; планировать

2. система

* * *

1. план

2. проект

3. схема; чертёж; диаграмма

sequential life test plan — план последовательных испытаний на долговечность

— acceptance plan

— appraisal plan

— continuous inspection plan

— continuous sampling plan

— dependability plan

— evaluation plan

— failure reporting plan

— incentive plan

— inspection plan

— life-test plan

— maintainability plan

— maintenance plan

— maintenance support plan

— product assurance plan

— quality-and-reliability plan

— recall plan

— reliability demonstration plan

— reliability engineering plan

— reliability evaluation plan

— reliability improvement plan

— reliability program plan

— reliability qualification plan

— reliability sampling plan

— reliability testing plan

— reliable life plan

— repair-and-maintenance plan

— replacement plan

— safety plan

— standard test plan

— standardization plan

— technical improvement plan

— test management plan

— test plan

* * *

план, чёртеж; горизонтальная проекция

* * *

1) план

2) проект

3) схема; чертёж; диаграмма

•

- acceptance plan
- continuous inspection plan
- continuous sampling plan
- dependability plan
- development field plan
- evaluation plan
- failure reporting plan
- incentive plan
- inspection plan
- kill plan
- life-test plan
- maintainability plan
- maintenance plan
- maintenance support plan
- quality-and-reliability plan
- recall plan
- reliability demonstration plan
- reliability engineering plan
- reliability evaluation plan
- reliability growth plan
- reliability improvement plan
- reliability program plan
- reliability qualification plan
- reliability sampling plan
- reliability testing plan
- reliable life plan
- repair-and-maintenance plan
- replacement plan
- safety plan
- seismic zoning plan
- sequential life test plan
- standard test plan
- technical improvement plan
- test plan
- test management plan
- warranty plan
* * *

• 1) запланированный; 2) планировать

• план

• чертить диаграмму

• чертить схему

• чертить схему или диаграмму

Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > plan
7 plan

n

план, программа; проект

to abandon a plan — отказываться от плана

to accept a plan as it stands — принимать план в его теперешнем виде

to achieve a plan — успешно выполнять план

to acquiesce in / to a plan — молча или неохотно соглашаться с планом

to adhere to a plan — придерживаться плана

to adopt a plan — принимать план

to agree on a plan — согласовывать план

to alter the basic format of a plan — менять основной характер плана

to approve a plan — одобрять план

to back a plan — поддерживать план

to block a plan — блокировать план

to call off a plan — отказываться от плана

to cancel a plan — отменять план

to carry out a plan — выполнять план

to check plan fulfilment — проверять выполнение плана

to commit oneself to a plan — принимать обязательство выполнить план

to confound the plans — срывать планы

to cooperate with a plan — сотрудничать при осуществлении плана

to correct a plan — корректировать план

to create a fusion of two plans — объединять два плана

to defy smb's plans — не подчиняться чьим-л. планам

to denounce a plan — разоблачать план

to devise a plan — разрабатывать план

to discuss a plan — обсуждать план

to dismiss a plan — отказываться от плана

to disrupt plans — срывать планы

to draft a plan — составлять план

to draw up a plan — составлять план

to effect a plan — выполнять / осуществлять план

to elaborate a plan — разрабатывать план

to embark on a development plan — вступать на путь развития (экономики и т.п.)

to enact a plan — принимать план

to endorse a plan — одобрять план

to establish a national plan of action — устанавливать государственный план действий

to execute a plan — выполнять план

to fashion a plan — разрабатывать план

to foil a plan — срывать план

to formulate a plan — вырабатывать / составлять / формулировать план

to frustrate a plan — срывать план

to fulfill a plan — выполнять план

to further a plan — способствовать осуществлению плана

to give new impetus to a peace plan — давать новый толчок осуществлению плана мирного урегулирования

to go ahead with one's plan — продолжать осуществлять свой план

to hand down a plan to smb — спускать план кому-л.

to harbor a plan — вынашивать план

to implement a plan — выполнять / осуществлять план

to impose a strict security plan — вводить в действие план жестких мер безопасности

to interrupt a plan — мешать осуществлению плана

to lay one's plans bare — раскрывать свои планы

to leak plans — осуществлять утечку информации о планах

to make contingency plans — разрабатывать варианты плана ( на случай изменения обстановки)

to mastermind a plan — руководить ( часто тайно) осуществлением плана

to mature a plan — детально разрабатывать план

to modify a plan — изменять план

to monitor a plan — наблюдать за осуществлением плана

to outline a plan — намечать план ( в общих чертах)

to pigeon-hole a plan — класть план под сукно

to press ahead with a plan — настойчиво проводить план

to propose a plan — выдвигать / предлагать план

to push forward with a plan — продолжать осуществлять план

to push through one's plan — проталкивать свой план

to put a plan into operation — осуществлять план

to put forward a compromise plan — выдвигать компромиссный план

to reject a plan — отвергать план

to retract a plan — отказываться от плана

to reveal a plan — обнародовать план

to revise a plan — пересматривать план

to sabotage a plan — саботировать план

to scrap a plan — забраковывать план; отказываться от плана

to scuttle a plan — уклоняться от принятия плана; срывать план

to set a plan in motion — приводить план в действие

to set out a plan — излагать план

to shape a plan — намечать план ( в общих чертах)

to shelve a plan — класть план под сукно

to spurn a plan — отвергать план

to stick to a plan — придерживаться плана

to submit a plan — представлять план на рассмотрение

to supervise a plan — контролировать выполнение плана

to support a plan — поддерживать план

to suspend a plan — приостанавливать осуществление плана

to throw plan into disarray — нарушать планы

to thwart / to torpedo / to undermine a plan — расстраивать / срывать план

to unveil a plan — обнародовать план

to work out a plan — разрабатывать план

- ad hoc plan
- adoption of a plan
- adventurous plan
- aggressive plan
- American-mediated peace plan
- annexations plan
- annual plan
- architect of a plan
- austerity plan
- balanced plan
- California plan
- cancellation of a plan
- carefully orchestrated plan
- cease-fire plan
- clarification of a plan
- comprehensive plan
- compromise plan
- constructive plan
- contingence plan
- control figures of the plan
- controversial plan
- coordination of plans
- counter plan
- curtailed plan
- cuts plans
- daily plan
- deficiencies in a plan
- deficit-reduction plan
- deregulation plan
- detailed plan
- development plan
- disclosure of a plan
- drawing up of a plan
- ecological survival plan
- economic plan
- efficiency plan
- elaborate plan
- essentials of a plan
- execution of a plan
- expansionist plans
- extremist plans
- financing plan
- fulfilment of a plan
- game plan
- general manager plan
- general plan
- green plan
- ideal plan
- implementation of a plan
- imposition of a plan
- impracticable plan
- in compliance with a plan
- independence plan
- indicative plan
- individual national development plans
- installment plan
- integrated plan
- intermediate plan
- intervention plans
- linkage plan
- local plan
- lofty plan
- long-range plan
- long-term plan
- management plan
- Marshall Plan
- master plan
- matching of plans
- medium-term plan
- minute-by-minute podium plan
- Missouri plan
- monthly plan
- national plan
- national reconciliation plan
- operating plan
- operation plan
- opposition to a plan
- overall plan
- package plan
- pay-as-you-go plan
- peace plan
- perspective plan
- phased plan
- plan for development
- plan of action
- plan remains on the table
- plans are bogged down
- plans for increased autonomy
- plans for sanctions
- practicable plan
- preliminary plan
- principal items of the plan
- production plan
- provisions of a plan
- realistic plan
- regional peace plan
- regional plan
- research plan
- resettlement plan
- retirement plan
- security plan
- short-range plan
- short-term plan
- single plan
- state plan
- strategic plan
- strong-mayor plan
- target figures of the plan
- technical development plan
- UN-brokered peace plan
- under the plan
- unified plan
- work plan

Politics english-russian dictionary > plan
8 plan

1. n

1) план, программа

2) проект

3) план, схема

- action plan
- adaptation plan
- additional plan
- advertisement plan
- advertising plan
- allocation plan
- amended plan
- annual plan
- approved plan
- assistance plan
- balanced plan
- basic plan
- bonus plan
- borrowing plan
- buffer stock plan
- bungled plan
- business plan
- capacity plan
- capital investment plan
- capital spending plan
- cargo plan
- cash profit sharing plan
- coherent plan
- combined plan
- common plan
- complete plan
- comprehensive plan
- concrete plan
- consolidated financial plan
- consumption plan
- contingency plan
- conversion plan
- coordinated plan
- cost accounting plan
- cost finding plan
- counter plan
- credit plan
- cropping plan
- currency plan
- currency receipt plan
- current plan
- daily plan
- delivery plan
- development plan
- dividend reinvestment plan
- dividend rollover plan
- draft plan
- economic plan
- elaborate plan
- employee profit sharing plan
- employee stock ownership plan
- employer retirement plan
- employment plan
- enterprise plan
- environmental action plan
- export plan
- extra plan
- family assistance plan
- feasible plan
- finance plan
- financial plan
- financial incentive plan
- financing plan
- fixed plan
- front-end load plan
- general plan
- general building plan
- general work plan
- government's tax plans
- health insurance plan
- housing development plan
- implementation plan
- import plan
- income plan
- inspection plan
- installment plan
- interlocking cost plan
- investment plan
- issue plan
- loading plan
- long-range plan
- long-term plan
- management plan
- marketing plan
- master plan
- medium-term plan
- multiple time plan
- multistage plan
- national economic plan
- objectionable plan
- operating plan
- operational plan
- optimal plan
- organization plan
- organizing plan
- output plan
- overall plan
- package plan
- packaged mortgage plan
- pay plan
- pay-as-you-go plan
- payroll savings plan
- pension plan
- periodic average inventory plan
- perspective plan
- piece rate plan
- practicable plan
- preliminary plan
- private equity plan
- procurement plan
- production plan
- profit plan
- profit-sharing plan
- projected plan
- promotional plan
- purchase plan
- qualification plan
- quality assurance plan
- quarterly plan
- quota plan
- recapitalization plan
- redemption plan
- rescheduling plan
- rescue plan
- research plan
- restructuring plan
- retirement plan
- revised plan
- revitalization plan
- rough plan
- selective driver plan
- sales plan
- sample plan
- sampling plan
- sequential sampling plan
- short-range plan
- short-term plan
- single-sample plan
- site plan
- slack plan
- specific cost inventory plan
- spending plan
- staff retirement plan
- standard cost inventory plan
- state plan
- stock option plan
- stowage plan
- summary plan
- supply plan
- support plan
- tax-sheltered annuity plan
- technical development plan
- time-off plan
- tonnage plan
- turnover plan
- unacceptable plan
- underestimated plan
- understated plan
- unified accounts plan
- wage plan
- wage-incentive plan
- weighted average inventory plan
- workable plan
- yearly plan
- plan for a year
- plan of cash turnover
- plan of deliveries
- plan of development
- plan of distribution
- plan of diversification
- plan of measures
- plan of production and sales
- plan of reduction of production cost
- plan of reorganization
- plan of shipments
- plan of supplies
- above plan
- according to plan
- on a plan
- up to a plan
- abandon a plan
- adhere to a plan
- adjust a plan
- alter a plan
- approve a plan
- build plans
- carry out a plan
- change a plan
- coordinate plans
- deviate from a plan
- draw up a plan
- elaborate a plan
- execute a plan
- finance a plan
- fit into plans
- fulfil a plan
- fund a plan
- go ahead with one's plans
- implement a plan
- incorporate in a plan
- interfere with plans
- launch a plan
- make plans
- map up a plan
- modify a plan
- negotiate a plan
- offer a plan
- outline a plan
- overfulfil a plan
- prepare a plan
- project a plan
- propose a plan
- put forward a plan
- realize a plan
- reconsider a plan
- refine a plan
- revise a plan
- sanction a plan
- shape a plan
- spoil plans
- submit a plan
- tone down plans
- unfold a plan
- upset plans
- work out a plan
2. v

1) составлять план

2) проектировать

3) намереваться

- plan ahead

English-russian dctionary of contemporary Economics > plan
9 PLAN
локальная сеть с персональными ЭВМ
—
[Е.С.Алексеев, А.А.Мячев. Англо-русский толковый словарь по системотехнике ЭВМ. Москва 1993]

Тематики
- информационные технологии в целом
EN
- personal local area network
- PLAN
локальная сеть с персональными компьютерами
—
[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]

Тематики
- информационные технологии в целом
EN
- personal local area network
- PLAN
план
—
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

план
(в экономике) — 1. Система целевых показателей развития экономической системы, функционирования конкретного объекта, а также указание на этапы и способы их достижения, распределение ресурсов, определение ожидаемых результатов и способов их использования. П. можно рассматривать как некоторую модель развития планируемого объекта. 2. Результат решения задачи планирования, содержащий как целевые показатели, так и характеристику используемых технологических способов. Каждая точка пространства производственных возможностей есть отображение некоторого плана. Поэтому вместо термина «П.», в данном смысле часто употребляют термин «точка». Процесс разработки П. называется технологией планирования. Подробнее см. Оптимальное планирование, Оптимальный план, Перспективное оптимальное планирование, Планирование, Планово-экономи¬чес¬кая задача. См. также Адаптивность плана, Маневренность плана, Надежность плана, Эффективная точка.
[ http://slovar-lopatnikov.ru/]

EN

plan
A scheme of action, a method of proceeding thought out in advance. (Source: GOOD)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

Тематики
- охрана окружающей среды
- экономика
EN
- plan
DE
- Plan
FR
- plan
план (в информационных технологиях)
Подробное предложение, которое описывает деятельность и ресурсы, необходимые для достижения цели. Например, план внедрения новой ИТ-услуги или процесса. ИСО/МЭК 20000 требует наличия плана управления для каждого процесса управления ИТ-услугами.
[Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]

EN

plan
A detailed proposal that describes the activities and resources needed to achieve an objective - for example, a plan to implement a new IT service or process. ISO/IEC 20000 requires a plan for the management of each IT service management process.
[Словарь терминов ITIL версия 1.0, 29 июля 2011 г.]

Тематики
- информационные технологии в целом
EN
- plan
план (на строительном чертеже)
-
[Интент]

В названиях планов этажей здания или сооружения указывают отметку чистого пола или номера этажа, или обозначение соответствующей секущей плоскости.
Примеры
1 План на отм. 0,000
2 План 2-9 этажей
3 План 3-3
При выполнении части плана в названии указывают оси, ограничивающие эту часть плана.
Пример - План на отм. 0,000 между осями 1 - 8 и А - Д

Если изображение (например, план) не помещается на листе принятого формата, то его делят на несколько участков, размещая их на отдельных листах.
В этом случае на каждом листе, где показан участок изображения, приводят схему целого изображения с необходимыми координационными осями и условным обозначением (штриховкой) показанного на данном листе участка изображения в соответствии с рисунком 14.

[ ГОСТ 21.101-97]

Тематики
- проектирование, документация
EN
- plan
план
Графическое масштабное изображение горизонтальной проекции или горизонтального разреза, содержащее размеры, условные обозначения, надписи и др.
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]

Тематики
- проектирование, документация
EN
- plan
- plan view
DE
- Grundriß
- Plan
FR
- plan
- vue en plan
план топографический
Крупномасштабный план ограниченного участка местности, в пределах которого кривизна земной поверхности не учитывается
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]

топографический план
план
Картографическое изображение на плоскости в ортогональной проекции в крупном масштабе ограниченного участка местности, в пределах которого кривизна уровенной поверхности не учитывается.
[ ГОСТ 21667-76]
[ ГОСТ 22268-76]

Тематики
- геодезия
- картография
Обобщающие термины
- картографические произведения
Синонимы
- план
- топографический план
EN
DE
- Plan
- topographischer Plan
FR
- plan topographique
планировать
Выбирать объекты и цели радиоразведывательной деятельности.
[[http://www.rfcmd.ru/glossword/1.8/index.php?a=index&d=23]]

Тематики
- защита информации
EN
- plan
чертеж
Графическое изображение предметов и их деталей, выполненное с указанием их линейных и угловых размеров, масштаба, взаимного расположения их элементов и деталей
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]

чертеж
Условное графическое изображение предмета с точным соотношением его размеров, полученное методом проецирования.
[ ГОСТ Р 7.0.3-2006]

Тематики
- издания, основные виды и элементы
- проектирование, документация
Обобщающие термины
- части и элементы текста издания
EN
DE
- technische Zeichnung
- Zeichnung
FR
чертить схему или диаграмму
проектировать
планировать
—
[ http://slovarionline.ru/anglo_russkiy_slovar_neftegazovoy_promyishlennosti/]

Тематики
- нефтегазовая промышленность
Синонимы
- проектировать
- планировать
EN
- plan
102. Топографический план

D. Plan

E. Plan

F. Plan topographique

По ГОСТ 21667-76

Источник: ГОСТ 22268-76: Геодезия. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > PLAN
10 TMP

1) Геология: Tin Mountain Pegmatite

2) Биология: thymidine monophosphate

3) Военный термин: Tactical Marine Pistol, Technical Manual Plan, Terminal Message Processor, Training Management Plan, target materials program, technical manual, parts, technical manual, plans, teleoperated mobile platform, test maintenance panel, test methods and procedures, transportable measurement package, transportation motor pool, typical mission profile

4) Техника: Thermo Mechanical Pulp, terminal panel, theodolite measuring point, thermal modeling program, thermomechanical processing, transistor mounting pad, ТМН

5) Шутливое выражение: Tickle My Pickle, Transport Morphing Protocol, Turbo Mucho Power

6) Химия: Tri- Methyl Phosphate

7) Бухгалтерия: Tax Matters Partner

8) Грубое выражение: Those Motherfucking Pricks

9) Металлургия: Thermal Mechanical Processing, Thermomechanical Process

10) Сокращение: Tactical Machine Pistol, Telemetrical Measuring Projectile, The Morrow Project

11) Физика: Thermo Mechanical Pulping, Turbo Molecular Pump

12) Физиология: Trans Membrane Pressure, Trimethoprim

13) Вычислительная техника: Test Management Protocol

14) Иммунология: thymocyte mitogenic protein

15) Транспорт: Too Much Power, Transportation Management Program

16) СМИ: The Miniatures Page, The Moist Photographer

17) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: thermal motor protection, traffic movement permit

18) Сетевые технологии: transactions per minute

19) Полимеры: trimethylol propane

20) Химическое оружие: task management plan, technical management plan

21) Макаров: термомеханическая древесная масса

22) Дорожное движение: план управления дорожным движением (Traffic Management Plan)

23) Расширение файла: Terminal Monitor Program, Temporary file

24) Аэропорты: Tampere, Finland

25) Международная торговля: Temporary Export License Exception

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > TMP
11 Tmp

1) Геология: Tin Mountain Pegmatite

2) Биология: thymidine monophosphate

3) Военный термин: Tactical Marine Pistol, Technical Manual Plan, Terminal Message Processor, Training Management Plan, target materials program, technical manual, parts, technical manual, plans, teleoperated mobile platform, test maintenance panel, test methods and procedures, transportable measurement package, transportation motor pool, typical mission profile

4) Техника: Thermo Mechanical Pulp, terminal panel, theodolite measuring point, thermal modeling program, thermomechanical processing, transistor mounting pad, ТМН

5) Шутливое выражение: Tickle My Pickle, Transport Morphing Protocol, Turbo Mucho Power

6) Химия: Tri- Methyl Phosphate

7) Бухгалтерия: Tax Matters Partner

8) Грубое выражение: Those Motherfucking Pricks

9) Металлургия: Thermal Mechanical Processing, Thermomechanical Process

10) Сокращение: Tactical Machine Pistol, Telemetrical Measuring Projectile, The Morrow Project

11) Физика: Thermo Mechanical Pulping, Turbo Molecular Pump

12) Физиология: Trans Membrane Pressure, Trimethoprim

13) Вычислительная техника: Test Management Protocol

14) Иммунология: thymocyte mitogenic protein

15) Транспорт: Too Much Power, Transportation Management Program

16) СМИ: The Miniatures Page, The Moist Photographer

17) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: thermal motor protection, traffic movement permit

18) Сетевые технологии: transactions per minute

19) Полимеры: trimethylol propane

20) Химическое оружие: task management plan, technical management plan

21) Макаров: термомеханическая древесная масса

22) Дорожное движение: план управления дорожным движением (Traffic Management Plan)

23) Расширение файла: Terminal Monitor Program, Temporary file

24) Аэропорты: Tampere, Finland

25) Международная торговля: Temporary Export License Exception

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Tmp
12 tmp

1) Геология: Tin Mountain Pegmatite

2) Биология: thymidine monophosphate

3) Военный термин: Tactical Marine Pistol, Technical Manual Plan, Terminal Message Processor, Training Management Plan, target materials program, technical manual, parts, technical manual, plans, teleoperated mobile platform, test maintenance panel, test methods and procedures, transportable measurement package, transportation motor pool, typical mission profile

4) Техника: Thermo Mechanical Pulp, terminal panel, theodolite measuring point, thermal modeling program, thermomechanical processing, transistor mounting pad, ТМН

5) Шутливое выражение: Tickle My Pickle, Transport Morphing Protocol, Turbo Mucho Power

6) Химия: Tri- Methyl Phosphate

7) Бухгалтерия: Tax Matters Partner

8) Грубое выражение: Those Motherfucking Pricks

9) Металлургия: Thermal Mechanical Processing, Thermomechanical Process

10) Сокращение: Tactical Machine Pistol, Telemetrical Measuring Projectile, The Morrow Project

11) Физика: Thermo Mechanical Pulping, Turbo Molecular Pump

12) Физиология: Trans Membrane Pressure, Trimethoprim

13) Вычислительная техника: Test Management Protocol

14) Иммунология: thymocyte mitogenic protein

15) Транспорт: Too Much Power, Transportation Management Program

16) СМИ: The Miniatures Page, The Moist Photographer

17) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: thermal motor protection, traffic movement permit

18) Сетевые технологии: transactions per minute

19) Полимеры: trimethylol propane

20) Химическое оружие: task management plan, technical management plan

21) Макаров: термомеханическая древесная масса

22) Дорожное движение: план управления дорожным движением (Traffic Management Plan)

23) Расширение файла: Terminal Monitor Program, Temporary file

24) Аэропорты: Tampere, Finland

25) Международная торговля: Temporary Export License Exception

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > tmp
13 MTAP

Военный термин: management technical applications plan

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > MTAP
14 TCMP

1) Военный термин: TMD (Theater Missile Defense) Countermeasure Mitigation Program

2) Химическое оружие: Technical Configuration Management Plan

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > TCMP
15 MTAP

MTAP, management technical applications plan

план использования технических средств (административного) управления

English-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > MTAP
16 near cash

!

гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

Introduction

This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.

Principles of the framework

The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
"
consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
" "
the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
" "
strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
"
the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.

The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
"
the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
"
the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.

Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)

The framework for public expenditure is divided between
"
Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
"
Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.

More information about DEL and AME is set out below.

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Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL)

In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.

Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.

Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.

There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.

Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME)

AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.

AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.

AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.

Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.

Total Managed Expenditure

Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.

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Resource Accounting and Budgeting ( RAB)

Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
"
Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
"
Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
"
Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
"
Administration Budgets (see below)

Administration Budgets

The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.

Spending Reviews

The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.

The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.

Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.

The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
"
provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
" "
enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
" "
introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
"
not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.

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Comprehensive Spending Review 2007

To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.

A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
"
an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
" "
an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
" "
to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
"
further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.

The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.

Obtaining good performance

Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.

The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.

Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.

Departmental Investment Strategies (DISs)

To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.

This document was updated on 19 December 2005.

Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money

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Page 5
"
GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
"
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GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money

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Page 7

GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.

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64Managing Public Money

Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash
17 MTC

1) Общая лексика: (abbr., Military-Technical Cooperation) В (также можно встретить англ. сокр. FSMTC ( Federal Service of Military-Technical Cooperation) - русск. сокр. ФСМТС (Федеральная служба по военно-техническому сотрудничеству))

2) Американизм: More Than Conquerors

3) Военный термин: Maneuver Training Command, Materiel Testing Command, Mechanical Transport Corps, Mercenary Training Center, Military Technical College, Military Transportation Committee, Motor Transport Corps, materiel testing center, mechanical transport company, medical training center, meteorological training center, missile test center, missile transfer car, missile tube control, mobile target carrier

4) Техника: main trunk circuit, maintenance time constraint, master tape control, mean time to crash, mobile transfer conveyor, moderator temperature coefficient, multi-assembly transfer cask, multilead thermocouple, ручная смена инструмента (manual tool change), Machine Tool Control

5) Религия: Mission To Catholics International, Inc.

6) Фармакология: минимальная токсическая концентрация (Minimal Toxic Concentration)

7) Музыка: Music Takes Control

8) Телекоммуникации: Mobile Terminating Call, мобильные телекоммуникации

9) Сокращение: Man Tended Capability, Managing through Challenges communication plan (USPS emergencies, 2004), Master Timing Center, Military Technical Co-operation, Mini Tele-Copter (Germany), Mission and Traffic Control, memory test computer

10) Театр: Manhattan Theatre Club

11) Физиология: Minimum Toxic Concentration

12) Электроника: Main Test Component

13) Вычислительная техника: MIDI Time Code, Master Test Component (ISO 9646-3, TTCN), MIDI Time Code (MIDI), Man Tended Capability (Space)

14) Нефть: ограничение на продолжительность технического обслуживания (maintenance time constraint), средняя наработка до разрушения (mean time to crash)

15) Онкология: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

16) Транспорт: Multi Towing Craft

17) Фирменный знак: Management & Training Corporation

18) СМИ: More To Come

19) Программирование: MIDI timecode, Maintenance Controller

20) Химическое оружие: Munition test chamber, mustard thaw container

21) Нефть и газ: material test certificate( сертификат испытания материала)

22) Общественная организация: Mission To Children

23) NYSE. Monsanto Company

24) НАСА: Mission Training Center

25) Единицы измерений: Metric Ton Of Carbon

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > MTC
18 mtc

1) Общая лексика: (abbr., Military-Technical Cooperation) В (также можно встретить англ. сокр. FSMTC ( Federal Service of Military-Technical Cooperation) - русск. сокр. ФСМТС (Федеральная служба по военно-техническому сотрудничеству))

2) Американизм: More Than Conquerors

3) Военный термин: Maneuver Training Command, Materiel Testing Command, Mechanical Transport Corps, Mercenary Training Center, Military Technical College, Military Transportation Committee, Motor Transport Corps, materiel testing center, mechanical transport company, medical training center, meteorological training center, missile test center, missile transfer car, missile tube control, mobile target carrier

4) Техника: main trunk circuit, maintenance time constraint, master tape control, mean time to crash, mobile transfer conveyor, moderator temperature coefficient, multi-assembly transfer cask, multilead thermocouple, ручная смена инструмента (manual tool change), Machine Tool Control

5) Религия: Mission To Catholics International, Inc.

6) Фармакология: минимальная токсическая концентрация (Minimal Toxic Concentration)

7) Музыка: Music Takes Control

8) Телекоммуникации: Mobile Terminating Call, мобильные телекоммуникации

9) Сокращение: Man Tended Capability, Managing through Challenges communication plan (USPS emergencies, 2004), Master Timing Center, Military Technical Co-operation, Mini Tele-Copter (Germany), Mission and Traffic Control, memory test computer

10) Театр: Manhattan Theatre Club

11) Физиология: Minimum Toxic Concentration

12) Электроника: Main Test Component

13) Вычислительная техника: MIDI Time Code, Master Test Component (ISO 9646-3, TTCN), MIDI Time Code (MIDI), Man Tended Capability (Space)

14) Нефть: ограничение на продолжительность технического обслуживания (maintenance time constraint), средняя наработка до разрушения (mean time to crash)

15) Онкология: Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma

16) Транспорт: Multi Towing Craft

17) Фирменный знак: Management & Training Corporation

18) СМИ: More To Come

19) Программирование: MIDI timecode, Maintenance Controller

20) Химическое оружие: Munition test chamber, mustard thaw container

21) Нефть и газ: material test certificate( сертификат испытания материала)

22) Общественная организация: Mission To Children

23) NYSE. Monsanto Company

24) НАСА: Mission Training Center

25) Единицы измерений: Metric Ton Of Carbon

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > mtc
19 language

ˈlæŋɡwɪdʒ сущ. язык а) (как способ и средство общения) речь to butcher, murder a language ≈ искажать язык to enrich a language ≈ обогащать язык to learn, master a language ≈ учить язык to plan a language ≈ регулировать язык to purify a language ≈ очищать язык (проведение некоторых мер по выведению из языка тех или иных пластов лексики или грамматических форм) to speak (in) a, to use a language ≈ говорить на языке to standardize a language ≈ стандартизировать язык international, world language ≈ международный язык, язык международного общения dead, extinct language ≈ мертвый язык language acquisition ≈ обучение языку language maintenance ≈ поддержание (знания) языка spoken language ≈ разговорный язык written language ≈ письменный язык native language ≈ родной язык foreign language ≈ иностранный язык national language ≈ национальный язык official language ≈ официальный язык second language ≈ второй язык universal language ≈ универсальный язык formal language ≈ язык официального общения idiomatic language ≈ язык, богатый идиомами nontechnical language ≈ нетехнический язык substandard language ≈ язык, не соответствующий языковой норме technical language ≈ технический язык ancient language ≈ древний язык classical language ≈ классический язык creolized language ≈ креолизованный язык living language ≈ живой язык modern language ≈ современный язык natural language ≈ естественный язык trade language ≈ язык торгового общения agglutinative language ≈ агглютинативный язык inflecting language ≈ флективный язык isolating language ≈ изолирующий язык synthetic language ≈ синтетический язык tone language ≈ язык с тоновым ударением б) (как знаковая система) sign language ≈ язык знаков artificial language ≈ искусственный язык finger language ≈ язык жестов, язык глухонемых в) (языковой или литературный стиль;
язык писателя) the language of Shakespeare ≈ язык Шекспира bad, coarse, crude, dirty, foul, nasty, obscene, offensive, unprintable, vile, vulgar language ≈ грубый, грязный, неприличный, оскорбительный, непечатный, вульгарный язык rough, strong, vituperative language ≈ грубый, бранный язык everyday, plain, simple language ≈ простой, повседневный язык flowery language ≈ цветистый язык (богатый метафорами, сравнениями и др. литературными тропами) colloquial, informal language ≈ язык неофициального общения, разговорный язык literary, standard language ≈ литературный язык abusive language ≈ брань, ругательства children's language ≈ детский язык diplomatic language ≈ дипломатический язык polite language ≈ вежливый язык rich language ≈ богатый язык Syn: wording г) (как способ кодирования) object, target language ≈ язык, на который переводят source language ≈ язык, с которого переводят (в машинном переводе) computer language machine language programming language язык - the Russian * русский язык - finger * язык жестов, язык глухонемых - living * живой язык - working * рабочий язык (в международных организациях) - the working *s of this committee are English and Russian рабочими языками этого комитета являются русский и английский - * arts (американизм) обучение чтению, письму, литературе, словесность (школьный предмет) - * shift переключение на другой язык (о говорящем на иностранном языке) - * department отдел переводов (ООН) - a degree in *s диплом об окончании филологического факультета или института иностранных языков - science of * языкознание речь - spoken * разгговорный язык;
устная речь - written * письменость;
письменный язык - articulate * членораздельная речь - literary * литературный язык - substandard * просторечие - he has a great command of * он прекрасно владеет языком, у него прекрасная речь характер языка;
стиль, слог - fine * изысканный язык, цветистый стиль - strong * сильные выражения - bad * сквернословие - * of poetry язык поэзии - business * деловая речь;
язык деловой переписки - * of law юридический язык - diplomatic * дипломатический язык - the * of Shakespeare язык Шекспира (дипломатическое) формулировка( компьютерное) язык программирования ЭВМ > not to speak the same * совершенно не понимать друг друга > they don't speak the same * они говорят на разных языках algorithmic ~ вчт. алгоритмический язык algorithmical ~ вчт. алгоритмическый язык applicative ~ вчт. функциональный язык artifical ~ вчт. искусственный язык artificial ~ вчт. искусственный язык assembler ~ вчт. язык ассемблера assembly ~ вчт. язык ассемблера authoring ~ вчт. язык для автоматизации творческой работы block-structured ~ вчт. язык с блочной структурой boolean-based ~ вчт. язык булевых операторов command ~ вчт. командный язык compiled ~ вчт. транслируемый язык compiler ~ вчт. язык транслятора computer ~ вчт. машинный язык computer-dependent ~ вчт. машинно-зависимый язык computer-oriented ~ вчт. машинно-ориентированный язык computer-sensitive ~ вчт. машинно-зависимый язык constraint ~ вчт. декларативный язык context-free ~ вчт. контекстно-свободный язык conversational ~ вчт. диалоговый язык conversational ~ вчт. язык диалога data definition ~ вчт. язык определения данных data description ~ вчт. язык описания данных data description ~ вчт. язык определения данных data ~ вчт. язык описания данных data manipulation ~ вчт. язык манипулирования данными data-base ~ вчт. язык базы данных data-query ~ вчт. язык запросов declarative ~ вчт. декларативный язык design ~ вчт. язык проектирования end-user ~ вчт. язык конечного пользователя extensible ~ вчт. расширяемый язык ~ язык;
речь;
finger language язык жестов, язык глухонемых foreign ~ иностранный язык formal ~ формальный язык frame ~ вчт. фреймовый язык high-level ~ вчт. язык высокого уровня host ~ вчт. включающий язык human ~ естественный язык language разг. брань (тж. bad language) ;
I won't have any language here прошу не выражаться inflected ~ флективный язык information retrieval ~ информационно- поисковый язык information retrieval ~ информационно-поисковый язык input ~ вчт. входной язык interactive ~ вчт. диалоговый язык interpreted ~ вчт. интерпретируемый язык kernel ~ вчт. базовый язык knowledge representation ~ вчт. язык представления знаний language разг. брань (тж. bad language) ;
I won't have any language here прошу не выражаться ~ стиль;
язык писателя;
the language of Shakespeare язык Шекспира ~ язык ~ язык;
речь;
finger language язык жестов, язык глухонемых ~ стиль;
язык писателя;
the language of Shakespeare язык Шекспира ~ of the case язык судебного делопроизводства legal ~ юридический язык legal ~ язык права low-level ~ вчт. язык низкого уровня machine ~ вчт. машинный язык machine-dependent ~ вчт. машинно-зависимый язык machine-independent ~ вчт. машинно-независимый язык machine-oriented ~ вчт. машинно-ориентрированный язык macro ~ вчт. макроязык macroinstruction ~ вчт. язык макрокоманд memory management ~ вчт. язык управления памятью meta ~ вчт. метаязык minority ~ язык национального меньшинства mnemonic ~ вчт. символический язык national ~ государственный язык native ~ вчт. собственный язык машины natural ~ вчт. естественный язык nonprocedural ~ вчт. непроцедурный язык object ~ вчт. объектный язык official ~ официальный язык original ~ исходный язык parallel ~ вчт. язык параллельного программирования predicate ~ вчт. язык предикатов problem statement ~ вчт. язык постановки задачи problem-oriented ~ вчт. проблемно-ориентированный язык procedural ~ вчт. процедурный язык procedural ~ процедурный язык procedure-oriented ~ вчт. процедурно ориентированный язык production ~ вчт. продукционный язык program ~ вчт. язык программирования programming ~ вчт. язык программирования query ~ вчт. язык запросов register transfer ~ вчт. язык межрегистровых пересылок regular ~ вчт. регулярный язык relational ~ вчт. реляционный язык representation ~ вчт. язык представлений restricted ~ вчт. упрощенная версия языка rule ~ вчт. язык правил rule-based ~ вчт. язык продукционных правил rule-oriented ~ вчт. язык логического программирования script ~ вчт. язык сценариев serial ~ вчт. язык последовательного программирования source ~ вчт. исходный язык source ~ cmp. исходный язык specification ~ вчт. язык спецификаций subset ~ вчт. подмножество языка symbolic ~ вчт. символический язык symbolic ~ comp. символический язык system ~ вчт. системный язык tabular ~ вчт. табличный язык target ~ вчт. выходной язык target ~ выходной язык target ~ объектный язык threaded ~ вчт. язык транслируемый в шитый код typed ~ вчт. широко используемый язык typeless ~ вчт. безтиповый язык unchecked ~ вчт. язык без контроля типов untyped ~ вчт. язык без контроля типов update ~ вчт. язык корректирующих запросов user ~ вчт. язык пользователя world ~ международный язык

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > language
20 development

n

1) развитие; совершенствование; эволюция

2) расширение; рост; подъем

3) обыкн. pl явление; обстоятельство; событие; фактор; тенденция

4) разработка; освоение; производство

5) перемена, изменение

6) подготовка; повышение квалификации

•

to accelerate development — ускорять развитие

to achieve a high level of development — достигать высокого уровня развития

to advance development — продвигаться вперед по пути развития

to benefit the development of smth — содействовать / способствовать развитию чего-л.; облегчать развитие чего-л.

to boost industrial development — стимулировать развитие промышленности

to carry out programs of development — выполнять программы развития

to change the course of a country's political development — изменять ход политического развития страны

to channel a country's development — направлять развитие страны

to choose the path of independent development — вступать на путь самостоятельного развития

to curb the development — ограничивать развитие

to damage development — подрывать развитие, наносить ущерб развитию

to determine prospects of development — определять перспективы развития

to effect development — осуществлять развитие

to embark on the road of independent development — вставать на путь независимого развития

to encourage production development — поощрять развитие производства

to exercise influence on world development — оказывать влияние на ход мирового развития

to facilitate the development of smth — содействовать / способствовать развитию чего-л., облегчать развитие чего-л.

to favor cultural development — содействовать культурному развитию

to follow the developments — следить за ходом событий

to follow the way of progressive development — идти по пути прогрессивного развития

to forecast the development of science and technology — прогнозировать развитие науки и техники

to foster the development of small business — поощрять развитие малого бизнеса

to further the development of agriculture — содействовать развитию сельского хозяйства

to give impetus to the development of smth — давать толчок развитию чего-л.

to hamper / to hinder the development of smth — затруднять / тормозить развитие чего-л.; препятствовать развитию чего-л.

to hold back the development of smth — сдерживать развитие чего-л.

to impede the development of smth — препятствовать развитию чего-л.

to implement a development plan — выполнять план развития

to injure cultural development — наносить ущерб развитию культуры

to lag behind in one's economic development — отставать в своем экономическом развитии

to meet the challenge of development — решать задачи развития

to monitor developments — контролировать ход событий

to neglect social aspect of development — пренебрегать социальным аспектом экономического развития

to overcome difficulties of development — преодолевать трудности развития

to promote the development of smth — содействовать / способствовать развитию чего-л.; облегчать развитие чего-л.

to put a brake on the development — сдерживать / тормозить развитие

to put spokes in the wheels of the development of smth — мешать / препятствовать развитию чего-л.

to resume the process of development — возобновлять процесс развития

to retard development — задерживать / замедлять развитие

to secure the development — обеспечивать развитие

to slow down the rates development — замедлять темпы развития

to speed up the development — ускорять развитие

to step backward in one's development — делать шаг назад в своем развитии

to stimulate the development of smth — стимулировать / давать стимул развитию чего-л.

to support the development of smth — поддерживать / обеспечивать развитие чего-л.

to surmount difficulties of development — преодолевать трудности развития

to take the path of independent development — вступать на путь самостоятельного развития

to undermine the foundations of economic development — подрывать основы экономического развития

- accelerated development
- acceleration of socioeconomic development
- actual developments
- advanced development
- aggregate development
- all-round development
- at all levels of development
- at such a stage of development
- balanced development
- balanced pattern of development
- community development
- comprehensive development
- constant development
- constructive development
- contemporary era of development
- continuous development
- course of historical development
- crisis-free way of development
- cultural development
- current developments
- cyclical development
- degree of economic development
- development came to a head
- development of economic relations
- development of industrial exports
- development of new technologies
- development of popular struggle
- development of science and technology
- development of the personality
- development of tourism
- development of vocational competence
- dialectical development
- discouraging developments
- disproportional development
- driving force of development
- ecological development
- economic development
- effective development
- encouraging developments
- ethical development of society
- executive management development
- experimental development
- extensive development
- final aim of development
- financing of industrial development
- foreign-policy developments
- free development
- further development
- general regularities of development
- general results of the development
- gradual development
- guidelines for the economic and social development
- health development
- human resource development
- in the light of these developments
- independent development
- industrial development
- initial stages of development
- inner sources of development
- integrated development
- intensive development
- international development
- juridical development
- key indicators of national economic development
- latest developments
- level of development

- long-run development
- long-term development
- lop-sided development
- main trend of historical development
- major development
- major problems of society's development
- manpower development
- many-sided development of relations
- natural resources development
- negative development
- new development
- objective historical development
- objective laws of development
- overall development
- pace of development
- pace of developments
- peaceful development
- political developments
- population development
- positive development
- post-war development
- priority development
- process of development
- production development
- professional development
- progressive development
- projected development
- proportional development
- rapid development
- rate of development
- recent developments
- regional development
- research and development

- retarded development
- round-up of the latest developments
- rural development
- separate development
- shocking development
- slackening of growth rates of economic development
- slow development
- slowdown of growth rates of economic development
- social aspects of development
- social development
- sovereign development
- spasmodic development
- specifics of development
- stable development
- stage of development

- steady development
- striking development
- technical development
- technological changes conducive to development
- technological development
- trend of economic development
- unbalanced development
- uneven development
- urban development
- water resources development
- watershed in the world development
- we regard the development with grave concern
- welcome developments
- world developments
- world-wide economic development

Politics english-russian dictionary > development

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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